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Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (11 May 1752 – 22 January 1840) was a German physician, naturalist, physiologist, and anthropologist. He was one of the first to explore the study of mankind as an aspect of natural history. His teachings in comparative anatomy were applied to the classification of what he called human races, of which he determined there to be five.
==Early life and education==
Blumenbach was born at his family house in Gotha. His father was Heinrich Blumenbach, a local school headmaster, his mother was Charlotte Eleonore Hedwigg Buddeus.〔http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf〕
He studied medicine at Jena, and then at Göttingen. He graduated from the latter in 1775 with his M.D. thesis ''De generis humani varietate nativa'' (''On the Natural Variety of Mankind'', University of Göttingen, which was first published in 1775, then re-issued with changes to the title-page in 1776). It is considered one of the most influential works in the development of subsequent concepts of "human races."〔Biographical details are in Charles Coulston Gillispie, ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography'', 1970:203f ''s.v.'' "Johann Friederich Blumenbach".〕
It contained the germ of the craniological research to which so many of his subsequent inquiries were directed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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